A polyphasic study of Hypoxylaceae (Xylariales, Ascomycota) in Iran: new species and records from Hyrcanian forests

In a survey of pyrenomycetes in the north of Iran, a total of 20 specimens were collected and characterized via an integrative approach. Sequences derived from the ITS, LSU, rpb2 , and tub2 loci were amplified, sequenced, and analyzed in a molecular phylogenetic framework using maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses. Additional morphological and chemotaxonomic evidence analyzed in tandem revealed two new species, which we coined Hypoxylon hyrcanense sp. nov . and H. pseudoinvestiens sp. nov ., as well as four new records for Iran, namely Hypomontagnella submonticulosa , Hypoxylon crocopeplum , H. larissae , and H. ticinense . We further discuss recent additions to Hypoxylon and report the anamorph of H. larissae for the first time. All species are illustrated, described, and discussed.