Bleeding evaluation in patients with liver cirrhosis due to therapeutic approach: a statistical overview

In patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, the presence of acute hemorrhage is a common clinical finding. The different types of bleeding that may be observed include variceal and non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding and systemic bleeding due to abnormalities in overall coagulation status. This retrospective study included 438 patients with liver cirrhosis who were selected from the endoscopy records. Of all admitted patients, 323 had a variceal source of bleeding. The remaining 115 patients had non-variceal bleeding. The findings show that the most frequent etiology was variceal bleeding. Peptic ulcer (gastric and duodenal ulcer) was dominant (60%) in the etiology of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The significant rate of all acute GI hemorrhage in cirrhosis was variceal, but a considerable proportion had non-variceal causes. Our study showed that in about 26.3% of the cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, the bleeding occurred from non-variceal sources, of which the most frequent one was ulcer. These results show that therapy should be approached after clinical evaluation and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.