Atyid shrimps (Decapoda, Atyidae) from Tongguling National Nature Reserve, Hainan, China, with description of a new species

Extensive field surveys of atyid shrimps in Tongguling National Nature Reserve, Hainan, China, led to the collection of three Caridina species: C. lanceifrons Yu, 1936, C. elongapoda Liang & Yan, 1977, and C. tonggulinensis sp. nov . Among them, C. tonggulinensis sp. nov . is described as a new landlocked species with a highly restricted distribution. Morphological and molecular analyses indicate a close affinity between the new species and C. breviata Ng & Cai, 2000. Nevertheless, the two species can be distinguished by several diagnostic characteristics, including the armature of the rostrum, the shape and proportions of the endopod of the male first pleopod, and egg size. Phylogenetic analyses based on partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COI gene sequences (453 bp and 489 bp, respectively) provide robust support for the distinct species status of C. tonggulinensis sp. nov . An overview of the general ecology, biology, economic significance, and conservation status of the three species is also included.