Testosterone Function and Use in Women

Endogenous testosterone is a steroid hormone that contributes to a multitude of physiological functions in women. Androgen levels decline with age and subsequently affect libido, cognition, mood, and overall well-being. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) may improve female sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. There are currently no FDA-approved testosterone formulations for women. Consensus guidelines support the use of off-label TRT through specific formulations, such as testosterone gel, at one-tenth of the recommended dose for men. Obtaining total testosterone levels during treatment is recommended by clinical monitoring guidelines, and TRT should be avoided in women with clinical signs of androgen excess. Although TRT may improve overall sexual functioning in women, further research is needed to explore possible benefits with cognition and mood.