Polynomial curvelets on higher-dimensional spheres

In this article, we introduce and investigate polynomial curvelets on spheres, which form a class of Parseval frames for $ L^2(\mathbb{S}^{d-1}) $, $ d \geq 3 $. The proposed construction offers a directionally sensitive multiscale decomposition and provides a sparse representation of spherical data. As a main result, we derive a sharp pointwise localization bound which shows that the frame elements decay rapidly away from their center of mass, making them a powerful tool for position-based analyses. In contrast to previous constructions, polynomial curvelets are not limited in their directional resolution. Consequently, the frames established in this article are particularly powerful when it comes to the analysis of localized anisotropic features, such as edges. To illustrate this point, we show that, given a suitable test signal that exhibits (higher-order) discontinuities at the boundary $ \partial A $ of a spherical cap $ A\subset \mathbb{S}^{d-1} $, the corresponding curvelet coefficients peak precisely when the analysis function matches some segment of the boundary $ \partial A $, both in terms of position and orientation. Otherwise, the coefficients decay rapidly.