Thrust from electric devices as source for anomalous effects on space probes

Telemetry data have confirmed that the space probes Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 experienced anomalous accelerations. A possible explanation for this phenomenon involves thermal effects, based on estimates, approximations, simulations, and several assumptions. Motivated by successful results obtained in similar electric devices, such as the traveling-wave tube amplifier (TWTA) in the probes, we propose an alternative explanation within our theoretical framework based on generalized quantum entanglement, assuming its existence between the onboard TWTA and the external environment. We simulated the operation of this device in the laboratory by manipulating an electron beam. As a result, an anomalous acceleration was detected, and its magnitude was shown to be consistent with our predictions derived from simple models using classical macroscopic observables and known physical parameters from spacecraft designs. The characterization of this novel property paves the way for its application to space propulsion without the ejection of electrons, ions, or propellant gases.