A Case Report of Endovascular Embolization for Giant Congenital Hemangioma with Arteriovenous Fistula in A Neonate

Background: Congenital hemangioma (CH) is a vascular tumor that develops during fetal life.Although most CHs are benign, those associated with high-flow arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) can lead to life-threatening complications such as high-output cardiac failure and severe pulmonary hypertension. Case Presentation:We report a male preterm infant (birth weight: 2.8 kg) with a giant CH and AVF on the left forehead, confirmed by transcranial Doppler and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).The patient rapidly developed high-output cardiac failure and respiratory failure.Despite maximal medical therapy, his condition deteriorated.A multidisciplinary team deemed surgical resection prohibitively high-risk, and transcatheter arterial embolization was selected as the primary intervention.Intervention and Outcome: On day 11 of life, successful embolization was performed via a right femoral approach under general anesthesia.Despite a femoral artery diameter