急性缺血性卒中静脉溶栓中外周血炎症指标与预后的研究进展Research Progress on Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Indices and Prognosis in Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke

静脉溶栓是急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke, AIS）的重要再灌注治疗措施，但部分患者仍面临静脉溶栓后功能预后欠佳及出血风险增加的困境。炎症反应在AIS的病理生理过程中发挥重要作用，其不仅参与缺血性脑损伤的发生和发展，还影响静脉溶栓的效果和安全性。外周血炎症指标因具有便捷、经济且可动态监测的优势，在AIS患者预后评估方面具有潜在的应用价值。本文系统阐述了AIS发生后的炎症反应机制及相关抗炎治疗研究进展，并梳理了静脉溶栓中常用的炎症指标（如中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值、系统性炎症反应指数、血小板与淋巴细胞比值等）与患者预后的关联，以期为基于炎症指标筛选AIS抗炎治疗的潜在获益人群提供参考。 Intravenous thrombolysis is an important reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, some patients still face challenges such as poor functional prognosis and increased risk of bleeding after intravenous thrombolysis. Inflammatory responses play a crucial role in the pathophysiological process of AIS. They not only contribute to the occurrence and development of ischemic brain injury, but also affect the efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis. Due to their convenience, cost-effectiveness, and ability to be dynamically monitored, peripheral blood inflammatory indices have shown significant potential value in prognostic assessment of AIS patients. This article systematically elucidates the mechanisms of inflammatory responses after AIS onset and the research progress of related anti-inflammatory therapies. It also reviews the associations between commonly used inflammatory indices in intravenous thrombolysis (such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic inflammatory response index, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio) and patient prognosis, providing a reference for selecting potential beneficiaries of anti-inflammatory therapy in AIS based on inflammatory indices.