Redefining Transition-Zone 3D Seismic Acquisition: Flexible Land-Nodal Methods Applied to the Kalundborg-Gassum CCS Site, Denmark

Equinor and its partners Ørsted and Nordsøfonden recently conducted the Kalundborg carbon capture and storage (CCS) 3D seismic survey, acquired by Geofizyka Toruń S.A. (GT), to evaluate the suitability of subsurface sites for CO2 storage in Denmark’s coastal transition zone. This paper describes how challenges specific to transition zone (TZ) in 3D seismic surveys can be overcome in a cost-effective manner, by adapting land seismic equipment to marine conditions. With a strong focus on compliance with environmental regulations, the project successfully delivered high-quality 3D seismic data by integrating land-nodal technology across both onshore and offshore settings. The innovative application of buoy-mounted nodes, combined with an adaptive acquisition design, enabled seamless data acquisition and processing while minimising operational complexity. This approach sets a new benchmark for transition-zone seismic surveys.