Title Pending 6213

This is an accepted article with a DOI pre-assigned that is not yet published.This paper introduces the concepts of mental illness and treatment during the early Ottoman era when Edirne Hospital flourished as a center of treatment and rehabilitation of mental illness. This hospital was later converted into a museum in the 20th century. The classification of mental illness developed by the Ottoman physicians is outlined with a description of diseases. Treatment strategies, including traditional forms of therapies, music therapies, preventive medicine, and occupational involvement, including legal issues of the mentally ill, are discussed.