The Relics of the Kaʿba and Their Ritual Use Through Islamic Historiographical and Exegetical Sources

This article explores the relics associated with the Kaʿba, examining their significance in both pre‑Islamic and Islamic contexts to determine any continuity and change in their veneration. Both relics of supernatural origin (acheiropoieta), such as the Black Stone and the Station of Abraham, and contact relics (brandea), including the door of the Kaʿba and its ritual covering (kiswa), are taken into consideration. Through the analysis of Islamic historiographic and exegetical sources, the article highlights the ritual practices associated with these relics, also addressing the tensions between traditional veneration and reformist movements, particularly Wahhabi and Salafi criticisms, which have restricted access to some relics. The relics of the Kaʿba prove in conclusion to be dynamic elements of the Islamic faith, embodying sacred history, continuity with the Abrahamic traditions, and the living spirituality of believers.