Evaluation of the biocompatibility and discoloration potential of a novel radiopaque Portland cement formulation for dental application

Dental Materials Journal 2026 Open access

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Authors: Hoda Mohamed Elnawawy, Muralithran G. Kutty, Noor Azlin Yahya, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim, Paul R. Cooper, Josette Camilleri, Hany Mohamed Aly AHMED
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2025-183
Cited by: 0
References: 57

Abstract

This study compared the biocompatibility and discoloration potential of Malaysian Portland cement (MPC), experimental MPC (EPC), radiopaque nano-zirconium oxide modified EPC (REPC), with ProRoot white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) using human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) with/without lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cytotoxicity and cell attachment were evaluated using MTT assay and scanning electron microscope (SEM) after 24/72 h. For discoloration, the cements were placed in extracted human permanent maxillary incisors and color was measured spectrophotometrically. Results showed that all extracts except 100 mg/mL were non-cytotoxic. For LPS-treated groups (24 h), WMTA demonstrated higher cell viability than REPC (p

Fields of Study & Subjects

Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments Dental materials and restorations Bone Tissue Engineering Materials

Publication details

Journal / source
Dental Materials Journal
Volume
45
Issue
2
Pages
131–143
Publication date
9 January 2026
Language
EN