Cannabinoids and Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and progressive neurological impairment. This chapter explores the therapeutic potential of cannabinoid-based drugs in MS, focusing on their mechanisms of action, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and neuromodulatory effects. It provides an overview of current MS treatments informed by recent clinical studies, while emphasizing key challenges such as optimal dosing, toxicity, and limited bioavailability, which restrict effective symptom management. In parallel, the chapter examines advances in nanomedicine, particularly nano-cannabinoids, as innovative strategies to enhance drug delivery, improve safety profiles, and increase therapeutic efficacy. By integrating evidence from pharmacology, clinical trials, and nanotechnology, this chapter highlights both the opportunities and challenges of cannabinoids and nanocannabis approaches, offering a comprehensive perspective on their potential in MS management.