Neuroprotective Potential of Flavonoids

Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, stroke, and multiple sclerosis pose a major global health challenge due to progressive neuronal damage. Flavonoids, abundant in plant-based foods, offer neuroprotective potential through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and signaling-modulatory effects. This chapter reviews their structural diversity, mechanisms of action—including regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell survival—and their role in preclinical and clinical models. It also discusses nanotechnology-based delivery systems that improve flavonoid bioavailability and brain targeting. Despite promising effects, challenges like poor bioavailability and variable clinical outcomes highlight the need for further research and innovative therapeutic strategies.