Spatial Multi-Omics in Infectious Diseases

Fungal infections are an increasing global health concern, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems. Their complexity stems from intricate interactions between fungal pathogens and host cells, making diagnosis and treatment difficult. Although advances have been made, key aspects of host–pathogen interactions, such as invasion mechanisms, immune evasion, and variable host responses, remain unclear. Systems biology provides a holistic way to study these processes by integrating large-scale data on genes, proteins, metabolites, and immune pathways. Multiomics approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and immunomics, offer deeper insight into the molecular events during infection. Integrating these datasets reveals pathways involved in infection progression, host immunity, and pathogen clearance. This chapter highlights how multiomics-driven systems biology enhances understanding of fungal pathogenicity, immune dysregulation, and host defense, supporting the development of improved therapeutic strategies.