Spatial Multi-Omics in Cardiovascular Diseases

Spatial multi-omics has become a transformative frontier of cardiovascular research, offering integrative understandings of cellular heterogeneity and spatially organized cardiac tissues. Through integration of omics by high-resolution spatial profiling, these technologies empower mapping of interactions underlying cardiac development, disease, and remodelling. Developments for atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiomyopathies have revealed dynamic networks of communication, metabolic reprogramming, and evolution of the fibrotic niche. Next-generation computational platforms, including graph neural networks, variational autoencoders, and digital pathology guided by AI, support multi-layered data integration and predictive modelling. Novel human heart spatial atlases additionally connect molecular architecture and clinical phenotypes, advancing precision diagnostics and targeted therapeutics. Although data harmonization and standardization are key challenges, spatial multi-omics represents untold promise for transformative precision cardiology and regenerative medicine.