CRISPR-Cas9 Technology for Unlocking Immunity Against Infectious Pathogens

The development of CRISPR-Cas9 has dramatically changed the field of genome engineering and its utilization in epigenome editing could have profound implications for precision medicine.This ability to precisely target epigenetic marks, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling, allows for exciting therapeutic developments in cancer, neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. New developments such as CRISPRi, CRISPRa, and reversible CRISPR off/CRISPR on, allow for complex and multiplexed epigenetic reprogramming with improved specificity and safety. Nonetheless, there are some challenges to delivery off-target effects, stability of epigenetic modification, and moral lines, especially with inheritable epigenetic modification. The essential principles of CRISPR-Cas9-based epigenome editing, its therapeutic prospects for personalized medicine, and the consideration of technological, ethical, and policy aspects associated with epigenome editing are discussed