Individuals and the Use of Image and Impressions Management

Impression management refers to how individuals shape others' perceptions by adjusting behavior, communication, and appearance to fit social or situational norms. Influenced by cultural, environmental, and organizational factors, this process can be intentional or automatic. While skillful impression management can aid in social belonging, career advancement, and personal achievement, it may also trigger identity conflicts, psychological stress, and emotional fatigue—especially when one's public image diverges from their true self. The rise of social media and AI further complicates self-presentation, raising issues around transparency, ethics, and mental health. Current research highlights both advancements and gaps in understanding these dynamics, with implications for inclusive leadership and HR practices. This chapter underscores the need for ethical, culturally aware impression management strategies that balance self-presentation with authenticity to promote well-being and trust in diverse, hybrid environments.