The Comparative Psychological Effects of Resistance versus Aerobic Forms of Exercise

This chapter explores the psychological effects of resistance training (RT) and aerobic exercise (AE), focusing on emotional regulation, stress management, and mental health. While physiological benefits—better cardiovascular function, strength, and metabolic health—are well known, their distinct psychological roles remain less clear. The chapter applies psychophysiological, cognitive-behavioral, and social-environmental models to explain how RT and AE shape mood, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and resilience. Research highlights shared and unique outcomes, influenced by age, gender, culture, exercise intensity, and social context. Methodological issues, including reliance on self-reports and limited neurobiological data, complicate evaluation. By integrating cross-disciplinary evidence, the chapter offers practical guidance for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers. Ultimately, it deepens understanding of how RT and AE, separately or together, enhance psychological well-being.