Real-time AI in Clinical Decision Support

The integration of real-time artificial intelligence (AI) into Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) marks a turning point in the evolution of modern healthcare. Traditional CDSS relied on retrospective or rule-based reasoning, offering insights only after data were finalized. In contrast, real-time AI enables continuous interpretation of live data streams from bedside monitors and laboratory systems to imaging and wearable devices transforming static analytics into adaptive, situational intelligence. This chapter examines how real-time AI can transition from successful experimentation to consistent clinical deployment. It explores the technical architectures that make real-time processing feasible, as well as the ethical, operational, and regulatory challenges that arise when algorithms move from laboratory settings to patient care environments.