Recentering Computer Science Education on Problem-Solving

This chapter explores the centrality of problem-solving in computer science education through the dual lenses of project-based learning (PjBL) and problem-based learning (PBL). While both approaches emphasize inquiry, collaboration, and real-world engagement, they differ in scope, structure, and outcomes. PjBL often immerses learners in extended projects that mirror professional practice, whereas PBL foregrounds open-ended problems that cultivate critical reasoning and adaptability. Anchored in the belief that computer science is not merely about mastering syntax or tools but about nurturing the ability to think computationally and creatively, the chapter argues for a “problem-solving first” philosophy in curriculum design. By examining practical applications, challenges, and emerging trends, it highlights how integrating PjBL and PBL can empower students to approach complexity with confidence, cultivate resilience in the face of ambiguity, and prepare for a rapidly evolving technological landscape.