Sustainable Supply Chain Governance Issues in Green E-Commerce

The rapid growth of e-commerce has transformed global retail, offering convenience while creating environmental and governance challenges. This chapter presents a systematic qualitative review of sustainable supply chain governance (SSCG) in green e-commerce, analyzing literature from 2020–2025 to identify challenges, strategies, and technological innovations. Key themes include governance complexity, operational–sustainability trade-offs, technological enablement, and stakeholder engagement. Fragmented multi-tier networks and inconsistent regulations hinder transparency, while operational pressures often conflict with low-carbon logistics. Technological advances improve traceability and efficiency, yet adoption is uneven. Collaboration and policy harmonization are critical. Integrated governance frameworks that balance compliance, innovation, and multi-stakeholder alignment are essential for a transparent, resilient, and low-carbon e-commerce ecosystem.