The Innovation Spiral

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become the foundation of the innovation ecosystem of the 21st century. The dynamic interaction of the three pillars of the Triple Helix model of innovation, that is, universities, governments, and industries, has been the key contributor to the development of AI as a laboratory curiosity transforming into a rapidly changing global force. Based on world case studies and theories, the chapter evaluates the role that universities and similar institutions play in advancing underlying research and talent creation; how governments create facilitative policy networks and ethical systems; and how sectors can turn research into commercializable solutions. It brings into focus the problem of innovation and ethical responsibility, the increasing significance of the public-private partnership, and the future of collaborative ecosystems to create a sustainable AI-based society. The research finds that the future of AI does not lie in one stakeholder in particular, but in the overall collective intelligence and mutual trust the innovation spiral will promote.