Integrating Blockchain and Digital Twins

The integration of Blockchain and Digital Twin (DT) technologies revolutionizes smart hospital ecosystems by ensuring data integrity, interoperability, and real-time decision-making. Blockchain provides a tamper-proof infrastructure for consent management, provenance tracking, and secure IoMT communication, while Digital Twins simulate patients, assets, and operations for predictive diagnostics and optimization. This chapter presents a unified framework combining DT intelligence with blockchain's verifiability to achieve transparent, patient-centric, and adaptive healthcare operations. It discusses layered architectures, interoperability standards, and governance mechanisms that enable trustworthy automation and compliance with privacy regulations. Real-world case studies on stroke-risk prediction and consent-driven patient twins demonstrate measurable improvements in auditability, latency, and accountability. The proposed model establishes a foundation for next-generation hospitals that are intelligent, resilient, and ethically governed through verifiable data ecosystems.