Titanium-Based Implants in Additive Manufacturing

3D printing has transformed the manufacturing of medical implants by enabling precise and customized designs. This review explores key powder-based additive manufacturing (AM) methods, including Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) and Directed Energy Deposition (DED), used to create titanium-based implants. It also discusses titanium powder production techniques such as gas atomization (GA), plasma atomization (PA), and the plasma rotating electrode process (PREP). The study highlights the benefits of additive manufacturing (AM), including its cost-effectiveness and design flexibility. However, it addresses significant challenges like powder quality, porosity, and contamination. The increasing adoption of titanium implants in biomedical applications underscores the urgent need for further research to improve material properties and enhance process efficiency. Future advancements in AM and powder production will be critical for improving the performance and accessibility of these implants.