A Novel and Extremely Fast Saturation Less Circuit Breaker Using Non-Mechanical Components

Modern dependence on electrical equipment increases risks of overloading and short circuits, which can cause severe damage and loss of life. Conventional protection devices, such as fuses and miniature circuit breakers (MCBs), have drawbacks. Fuses require replacement, and MCBs rely on slow mechanical tripping, allowing damaging current surges and suffering from wear over time. The authors propose a solid-state MCB with ultra-fast tripping, enhanced reliability, and a longer lifespan. This MCB uses an air core current transformer, adjustable RC (Resistor Capacitor)-based delays, and analog signal processing, thereby ensuring precise fault detection and minimal response time. Comparative tests with digital controls and noise analysis confirmed their efficiency, making it a superior alternative to traditional devices.