Virtual Reality in Vocational Physical Education Advancing Personalized and Hybrid Learning

Vocational physical education faces challenges including resource limitations, safety risks, and rigid teaching models. This study explores virtual reality (VR) as a web-based immersive solution to enhance instruction. Empirical results show that VR overcomes spatial constraints by simulating realistic environments—such as skiing and martial arts scenarios—and enables personalized learning through data-driven feedback. It supports a “pre-class, in-class, post-class” hybrid model, improving skill acquisition, focus, and safety. Despite limitations like user discomfort, lack of tactile feedback, and high initial costs, VR significantly boosts engagement and teaching efficiency. The study recommends policy support, teacher training, and iterative scenario design to promote the sustainable integration of VR in vocational physical education.