Design of the Charging, Power Train and Control System of a Solar-Powered Geared Tricycle

This paper presents the comprehensive design and integration of the charging system, power train, and control system for a solar-powered geared tricycle, aimed at providing a sustainable and energy-efficient mode of transport. The tricycle is powered by a photovoltaic (PV) charging system, which includes a solar panel array, charge controller, and battery storage system designed for optimal energy harvesting and utilization under variable solar conditions. The power train incorporates a DC motor in combination with a manually operated gear system, allowing both electric and human propulsion to enhance range and performance. The control system features a microcontroller-based unit that manages motor speed, power distribution, battery monitoring, and safety protocols through real-time feedback mechanisms.This hybrid configuration not only maximizes energy efficiency and reliability but also ensures ease of use and adaptability in urban and semi-urban environments. The incorporated solar charging indicates significant improvements in energy autonomy, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact compared to conventional fuel-powered tricycles. The work demonstrates the viability of integrating renewable energy with smart control systems in low-speed electric tricycle for transportation.