Special Steels for the Hydrogen Society

The transition to hydrogen-based energy systems presents a critical need for materials capable of withstanding the harsh conditions of hydrogen storage. Our project addresses this challenge by developing a multilayer steel designed specifically for hydrogen environments. This material combines austenitic steel, known for its resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, with carbon steel, which provides strength and cost efficiency. Hydrogen embrittlement poses a well-known issue in the storage and transport of hydrogen, often degrading various metals. Although many stainless steels provide superior resistance, its high-cost limits widespread application. Our solution involves a multilayer approach, where austenitic layer serves as the primary barrier against hydrogen-induced degradation, and the carbon steel layer ensures the material’s structural strength under high pressure. The manufacturing process involves hot roll bonding, where the surfaces of the two materials are cleaned of oxides, welded together, heated up to 1200 °C, and then hot rolled to form a strong bond. This method not only strengthens the material but also makes it a potential solution for large-scale hydrogen storage applications.