Design of the Dynamics, Structure and Stability of a Solar-Powered Geared Tricycle

This paper presents the design, modeling, and analysis of a solar-powered geared tricycle intended to provide an efficient, eco-friendly alternative for personal mobility. The work integrates mechanical, electrical, and structural engineering principles to ensure dynamic performance, structural integrity, and overall stability under varying operational conditions. A lightweight chassis, optimized using finite element analysis (FEA), is designed to withstand dynamic loads while maintaining low energy consumption. The drive system incorporates a multi-speed gear mechanism coupled with a high-efficiency brushless DC motor powered by a photovoltaic (PV) array and battery storage system, enabling hybrid propulsion. The dynamic behaviour of the tricycle, including acceleration, turning, and braking responses, is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink to evaluate performance across urban terrains. Stability is assessed through center-of-gravity analysis, roll-over threshold calculations, and tilt angle monitoring to prevent tipping during sharp maneuvers. The integration of solar technology not only extends operational range but also reduces environmental impact, making the design suitable for sustainable transportation in developing and urban regions.