Analysis of the Design of Filter Cartridge Covers for Respirators against Dust

The study focuses on optimizing the design of respirator filter cartridges against particles to minimize their impact on ergonomic performance. The aim is to determine the uniformity of airflow distribution in the filter. Numerical analysis in SolidWorks Flow Simulation was applied to assess the effect of design parameters. Covers with a round inlet, smooth edges and an inner surface ensured the most uniform flow and reduced pressure drop. Cartridges with a central outlet showed higher velocity (by 10 %) and pressure (by 15 %) variation than those with an offset outlet, as air moves directly to the centre. Increasing airflow from 30 l/min to 95 l/min improved uniformity, reducing velocity variation to 25 % and pressure to 30 %. The outer cover and geometry of the cartridge were proven to influence airflow distribution, ensuring efficient use of the entire filter surface. With elliptical and square inlets, velocity variation increased from 30 % to 50 % compared to round inlets, due to asymmetrical pressure distribution. The scientific value lies in identifying the influence of inlet/outlet geometry on airflow velocity and pressure distribution, while the practical outcome is defining optimal inlet dimensions for efficient, comfortable respirators.