Bioinformatic Analysis to Identify Biomarker Candidates of Complex Karyotype Soft Tissue Sarcomas with CDK4 -Amplification

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), a diverse group of mesenchymal malignancies, are characterized primarily by copy-number alterations rather than a high tumor mutation burden.In this study, we sought to identify expression-based biomarkers in complex karyotype STS (CKS) with CDK4-amplification to support improved therapeutic strategies.Using transcriptome data from National Cancer Center (NCC)-CKS samples, we selected genes whose expression levels were more than two-fold higher or less than half in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues.These genes were further filtered by CDK4-amplification status, resulting in 30 candidates, which were refined to 14 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on false discovery rate (FDR) significance.Bioinformatics analyses revealed enriched pathways and gene-gene networks related to redox regulation and growth-factor-driven signal transduction, indicating metabolic alterations that may promote tumor survival in CDK4-amplified CKS.A subset of the 14 genes demonstrated prognostic significance in CDK4-amplified patients from the TCGA cohort.Additionally, immune cell marker analysis showed associations between CDK4-amplification and innate immune cell signatures.Together, our findings identify promising therapeutic and prognostic targets linked to CDK4-amplification in CKS.These biomarkers warrant further investigation and may ultimately contribute to improved clinical outcomes for patients with CKS.