Role of Maternal Serum Matrix Metalloproteinases and Polymorphisms in Prediction of Preeclampsia

BACKGROUND: Significant hemodynamic and uterine changes in normal pregnancy allow adequate uteroplacental blood flow. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are vital for vascular and uterine remodeling. This study evaluated the role of MMP-9 and MMP-13 levels in predicting Preeclampsia and evaluating different genotypes for MMP-9 and MMP-13 polymorphisms. METHODS: This study was a Prospective Cohort study spanning 18 months, involving 90 pregnant women who attended the antenatal care outpatient department during their first trimester. Participants were selected after excluding those with chronic hypertension or multiple gestations. The study focused on women with singleton pregnancies attending routine visits, and informed consent was obtained prior to recruitment. All standard antenatal investigations and care were provided, and blood samples (10 ml of venous blood) were collected at 11-14 weeks of pregnancy to assess serum levels of metalloproteinases. RESULTS: A total of 90 first-trimester women to assess the role of MMP-9, 13 levels in predicting preeclampsia, and the influence of gene polymorphism. At 11-14 weeks of pregnancy, blood was drawn from all registered participants for serum levels of metalloproteinases. About 14.4% women developed preeclampsia. Mean MMP-9 was found to be significantly lower in preeclamptic women. MMP-13 was found to be higher in preeclamptic women. However, the Allelic distribution was comparable. CONCLUSIONS: Concluded the possible role of MMPs in predicting preeclampsia. Larger studies, including other metalloproteinases and larger sample sizes, may be planned for the future.