A Study of Clinical and Etiological Relation of Urinary Tract Infections in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant clinical challenge in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the clinical and etiological relationships between UTIs and T2DM, classified based on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. METHODOLOGY: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted involving 106 participants with culture-proven UTI at a tertiary-care hospital. Participants underwent comprehensive clinical assessment, urine culture and sensitivity testing, and evaluation of glycemic control parameters using HbA1c. RESULTS: The mean age of the study group was 60.97 ± 4.37 years, with an equal sex distribution (53 men and 53 women). This analytical cross-sectional study demonstrated a statistically significant association between poor glycemic control and a history of UTI (P = 0.001). Clinical assessment showed that fever (77.35%), increased frequency of urination (88.67%), and dysuria (85.84%) were the most prevalent symptoms. Escherichiacoli was the most common organism (55.66%), and the antimicrobial resistance pattern was highest with ampicillin (59.32%). CONCLUSION: Adequate glycemic control is crucial for reducing UTI recurrence and morbidity in patients with T2DM.