Unusual Subungual Mass Presenting with Nail Deformity beyond the Typical Characteristics of a Glomus Tumor: A Case Report

Abstract Nail deformities often result from subungual masses, necessitating histopathological confirmation after surgical removal. While glomus tumors exhibit distinct clinical features, certain conditions, such as ganglion cysts, can mimic them and cause similar deformities. A 55-year-old male with a history of nail root trauma presented with nail deformity and tenderness in his left middle finger. Imaging identified a well-defined, hypoechoic lesion measuring 0.84 cm × 0.58 cm, which was surgically excised and confirmed as a ganglion cyst. Given the diverse nature of subungual masses–ranging from benign to malignant–histopathological analysis is crucial for accurate diagnosis. Subungual ganglion cysts (SGCs) are rare and difficult to detect; clinical evaluation plays a key role in distinguishing them. To prevent recurrence and misdiagnosis as glomus tumors, surgeons should carefully consider SGCs and employ precise surgical techniques.