Treatment Outcome in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients after Taking Treatment According to the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program in Dibrugarh District

Globally, TB is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality after COVID-19, strongly influenced by socioeconomic and health-related risk factors. The study aimed to assess the treatment outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis patients according to NTEP and to assess the factors influencing it. Cross-sectional study, conducted from March 2023 to February 2024 at two DOTs centers of Dibrugarh. All diagnosed pulmonary TB patients were included. Data were collected by interview method using a predesigned, pretested proforma and entered and analyzed using SPSS and presented in form of percentages, frequencies and mean ± SD. Chi-square used to show the association. Odds ratio with univariate and Multiple Logistic Regression (MLR) were done. Among participants, 31.2% were aged 30–39 years, 63.8% were males, and 27.5% were tea garden workers. Treatment outcomes were as follows: treatment completed (65.2%), cured (31.2%), failure (2.2%), and death (1.4%). Undernutrition (80.4%), tobacco (61.6%), alcohol use (54.3%), and diabetes (12.3%) were common. Successful treatment was significantly associated with male gender (OR = 21.39, P = 0.005) and employment (OR = 8.47, P = 0.03), while unemployment was linked to unsuccessful treatment outcomes (OR = 0.12, P = 0.02). Determinants like productive age group, tea garden population, comorbidities, and behavioral risk factors need to be addressed with special focus to maintain sustained efforts to keep the patient on regular follow-up for a favorable outcome.