Nutritional evaluation and therapeutic potential of Pancha Mutti Kanji (PMK): A nutrient-dense porridge for tuberculosis-associated malnutrition

Background: Malnutrition exacerbates tuberculosis (TB) by impairing immune response, increasing susceptibility, and delaying recovery. India faces a dual burden of malnutrition and TB, emphasizing the need for affordable nutritional interventions. This study aimed to develop and evaluate Pancha Mutti Kanji (PMK), a nutrient-dense porridge formulated to support nutritional rehabilitation in TB patients. Methods: PMK was prepared using equal parts of green gram, black gram, Bengal gram, Toor dhal, and raw rice. The ingredients were cleaned, dried, and powdered to a fine blend. For each serving, 50 g of powder was boiled with 400 ml of water for 10–15 min until reduced to one-eighth of its volume. Nutritional profiling was conducted to estimate protein, vitamin, and mineral content. Antioxidant capacity was assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, while antinutritional factors such as Trypsin inhibitor, hemagglutinins, tannins, and phytic acid were quantified. Results: PMK contained high protein (20.2 g/100 g) and abundant essential micronutrients. Folic acid (930 μg/serving) exceeded the adult RDA, potentially preventing hematologic and neuropathic complications. DPPH assay showed 60% inhibition at 1000 mg/ml, indicating substantial antioxidant activity. Antinutrient analysis revealed the absence of Trypsin inhibitor and hemagglutinins, with minimal tannins (0.03%) and phytic acid (0.01%), confirming excellent nutrient bioavailability. Conclusion: PMK is a nutritionally balanced, antioxidant-rich, and culturally acceptable formulation. Its high protein and folate content, strong antioxidant potential, and minimal antinutrients make it a promising dietary adjunct to improve nutritional status, immune resilience, and recovery outcomes in TB patients.