Rehabilitation Following Hypoxic–ischaemic Encephalopathy: A Case Report of a Suicidal Hanging Survivor

Abstract Suicidal hanging can lead to hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), often resulting in significant neurological impairments due to cerebral oxygen deprivation. Such patients face long-term disability, requiring a comprehensive and sustained rehabilitative approach. We report the case of a 21-year-old female who presented with severe motor weakness, spasticity-related deformities, impaired communication and functional dependence 8 months after a suicidal hanging attempt. The patient had initially undergone tracheostomy and was managed conservatively. On admission to our rehabilitation unit, she exhibited flexion deformities in both upper and lower limbs, dysphonia and non-verbal communication. A multidisciplinary, goal-oriented rehabilitation programme was initiated, which included physical therapy, occupational therapy, motor point blocks followed by serial casting, orthotic application, speech and pulmonary rehabilitation, pain management and psychosocial support. Over the course of structured therapy, the patient demonstrated significant improvements in muscle tone, functional mobility, speech and activities of daily living. She progressed from being completely dependent to standing with support and performing self-care tasks independently. This case illustrates the transformative potential of comprehensive, patient-centred rehabilitation in survivors of HIE, reaffirming the importance of time, consistency and an integrated team approach in optimising outcomes for these patients.