Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 Channel Gene Expressions and Polymorphisms in Fibromyalgia Patients: A Case–Control Study

Introduction: This study aims to examine the relationship between transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs10166942, rs11562975), gene expression, and the development of Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS), including symptom severity and clinical features. Materials and Methods: The study included 100 participants (60 patients and 40 controls). Both groups were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results: The study included 100 participants (60 patients and 40 controls). Gene expression levels in the patient group were significantly higher than those in the control group. A positive correlation was observed between gene expression and VAS, FSS, FIQ, BDI, and PSQI scores, while a negative correlation was found with MMSE scores, indicating a relationship with pain and symptom severity. ( P < 0.001). Among females, a significant difference in the distribution of rs10166942 and rs11562975 polymorphisms was identified between patient and control groups ( P < 0.05). Notably, the rs10166942 T allele was more prevalent in female patients than in female controls. Conclusions: The TRPM8 gene may be considered a potential genetic factor associated with FMS and the severity of its symptoms. In addition, the rs10166942 and rs11562975 polymorphisms were significantly associated with FMS susceptibility based on allele and genotype frequencies. Further studies with larger sample sizes and diverse ethnic groups are warranted to validate these findings and clarify the relationship between TRPM8 and FMS.