Efficacy of dichoptic amblyopia training on visual and binocular functions in adult amblyopia

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of dichoptic amblyopia training (DAT), a cloud-based binocular therapy, in improving distance best-corrected visual acuity (DBCVA), stereoacuity, and contrast sensitivity in adults (>18 years) with anisometropic and meridional amblyopia. Methods: This prospective, nonrandomized interventional study enrolled 18 adults (>18 years) with unilateral or bilateral anisometropic or meridional amblyopia. Participants underwent 30 sessions of Bynocs DAT therapy over 6 weeks. Visual parameters, including DBCVA, stereoacuity, and contrast sensitivity, were evaluated at baseline, immediately posttreatment, and at 2, 12, and 24 months post Bynocs DAT. Results: DBCVA improved significantly from a mean of 0.629 ± 0.254 LogMAR to 0.491 ± 0.262 ( P < 0.05), and this improvement was sustained through 24 months. Statistically significant improvement was also observed in stereoacuity ( P < 0.05). Contrast sensitivity improved from 0.950 ± 0.209 to 0.990 ± 0.351, although the change was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: DAT using Bynocs is effective in improving DBCVA and stereoacuity in adult amblyopic patients with anisometropic and meridional amblyopia. The visual gains are sustainable through 24 months and support the use of dichoptic amblyopia therapy in adult amblyopic subjects.