Investigate the hemodynamic alterations and anxiety state levels during the surgical disimpaction of mandibular third molar

BACKGROUND: This study investigates the haemodynamic responses during the disimpaction process to enhance clinical awareness and perioperative care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted with 140 participants aged 18 years and older at an outpatient dental clinic. All participants required the surgical removal of at least one mandibular third molar and met the inclusion criteria, which included a baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 90–120 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 60–80 mmHg. Hemodynamic parameters, including SBP, DBP, heart rate (HR), and oxygen saturation (SPO₂), were measured non-invasively at four surgical phases: preoperative (T1), post-anesthesia injection (T2), during ostectomy (T3), and post-extraction (T4). RESULT: The average participant age was 32.60 ± 11.20 years, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.7:1. A progressive and statistically significant increase was observed in SBP and DBP from T1 to T4 ( P < 0.001). The greatest changes were noted between SBP1 and SBP4 (13.10 mmHg) and between DBP1 and DBP4 (12.35 mmHg). HR also showed a consistent upward trend across time points ( P < 0.001). In contrast, SPO₂ levels declined significantly during the procedure ( P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: It is essential to comprehend and predict the changes in blood flow during the removal of the mandibular third molar in order to guarantee the safety of the patient and achieve the best possible surgical results. Efficient surveillance, alleviation of anxiety and discomfort, and customized anesthetic methods may aid in efficiently controlling these alterations.