Video-Modeling-based Toothbrushing Training for Improving Oral Hygiene of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review

Abstract Aim: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often struggle with oral hygiene due to behavioral and motor difficulties that limit effective toothbrushing. Video modeling offers a practical approach to teaching proper techniques. This narrative review describes its role in improving oral hygiene among children with ASD. Methods: Relevant literature published from 2013 onward was identified through PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using the keywords “autism,” “toothbrushing,” “oral hygiene,” and “video modeling.” Studies involving children with ASD (Levels 1–3) and video-modeling interventions for toothbrushing were included. Results: Nine relevant studies were reviewed. Video-modeling interventions showed positive outcomes, notably improved toothbrushing performance and significantly reduced Plaque Index scores, supported by the benefits of structured audiovisual media. Conclusion: The findings of this review indicate that video-modeling interventions significantly improve toothbrushing skill acquisition and foster sustained behavioral change in children with ASD. Collectively, the evidence supports video modeling as an evidence-based, practical, and cost-effective strategy that can be readily integrated into both clinical practice and home-based oral health education.