Exploring the Spectrum of Septic and Thrombotic Complications in Dengue Fever: A Case Series and Literature Review

Abstract Dengue fever, a common mosquito-borne viral infection, is primarily associated with thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic manifestations. Thrombotic complications, although rare, can be severe and life-threatening, especially when compounded by secondary bacterial infections. We describe a case series of five patients diagnosed with dengue fever who subsequently developed septic thromboembolism. All patients underwent diagnostic evaluation and received treatment with a combination of antibiotics and anticoagulation. The patients presented with varied clinical manifestations of thrombotic complications. Staphylococcus aureus was identified as a frequent secondary pathogen. Outcomes differed across cases, with some achieving clinical recovery while others experienced complications despite therapy. Dengue virus infection may induce a hypercoagulable state that predisposes to thrombotic events. Secondary bacterial infection further increases the risk of septic thromboembolism. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion in patients with unexplained clinical deterioration, and early initiation of antibiotics with anticoagulation may improve outcomes.