Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Intervention on Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes among Prediabetic Employees of Steel Plant in Odisha: A Pilot Study

Background: Prediabetes is an essential community health issue, especially in countries with limited resources such as India, whereby a significant number of people have no idea whether they have prediabetes, which puts them at risk of acquiring type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the ensuing complications. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Nurse-Led Intervention on prevention of Type 2 Diabetes among Prediabetic Employees of Steel Plant in Odisha. Methodology: A quantitative research approach and True Experimental Design, specifically a pretest and post-test control group design, were selected for this study. The study was conducted in Rourkela Steel Plant, Odisha, on 30 prediabetic employees within the age range of 30 years to 60 years. The participants were selected by a simple random technique using a lottery method into two groups experimental ( n = 15) and the control ( n = 15) groups. The experimental group was given Nurse-Led Intervention and the control group received the routine care. Results: The results showed marked improvement in the experimental group, where adequate knowledge rose from 0% to 66.7%, favorable attitudes from 80% to 100%, and positive practices from 66.7% to 100%, while the control group exhibited no change. Biophysiological parameters in the experimental group improved significantly, with reductions observed in FBS, SBP, DBP, BMI, WC, and WHR were P < 0.001. No significant changes observed in the control group. Conclusion: The study concluded that structured nurse-led interventions significantly enhance knowledge, attitudes, and practices while improving glycemic control and reducing risk factors among prediabetic employees.