The use of inhaled tranexamic acid for management of pediatric traumatic pulmonary hemorrhage: A case report

Pulmonary hemorrhage is a rare, life-threatening pathology. The use of inhaled tranexamic acid (INH TXA) has been described for the management of children with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage or congenital anomalies. Paediatric pulmonary trauma is an uncommon cause of pulmonary hemorrhage with an unclear treatment pathway. We report the case of a 14-year-old female who suffered polytrauma with resultant pulmonary lacerations and eventual pulmonary hemorrhage. She was successfully managed with three doses of INH TXA administered via endotracheal tube approximately every 8 h. The patient was able to extubate and did not experience any adverse effects of INH TXA administration. This represents the first report of the management of traumatic pulmonary hemorrhage with INH TXA in either pediatric or adult literature and highlights an important avenue of future study.