Outcome Prediction Following Peritonitis Secondary to Perforated Peptic Ulcer: A Comparison of the Jabalpur Prognostic Scoring System with Mannheim Peritonitis Index in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Abstract Background: Perforation of a peptic ulcer is a serious and potentially fatal complication, requiring prompt resuscitation and appropriate management to reduce the morbidity and mortality. Early stratification scoring systems have been developed to assist in evaluating and caring for patients with this condition. Aim and objectives: To compare the Jabalpur Prognostic Scoring System (JPSS) and Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) in predicting outcomes of patients with peritonitis caused by a perforated peptic ulcer (PPU). Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a 1-year period and included 44 patients diagnosed with PPU disease. Patients were assessed using the Jabalpur Prognostic and MPI Scoring Systems at admission and during laparotomy. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the results of both scoring systems and determine their predictive values. Results: The MPI had a higher area under the curve (AUC) of 89% compared to the JPSS, which had an AUC of 75%. The sensitivities of the MPI and JPSS were 82% and 69%, respectively, with specificities of 88% and 83%, respectively. Conclusion: Higher MPI and Jabalpur Prognostic scores were associated with poor outcomes. Both scoring systems were good predictors of outcomes in cases of peritonitis from PPU disease in the subjects studied. However, the MPI scoring system proved to be a more accurate predictor of outcomes compared to JPSS.