Comprehensive strategy of sonodynamic therapy and gas therapy on tumor treatment

Sonodynamic therapy has emerged as a novel non-invasive treatment for cancer with limited single effects. To achieve optimal therapeutic efficacy, sonodynamic therapy frequently needs to be combined with other therapeutic strategies. By exploiting the biological properties of specific gas molecules, gas therapy is an emerging tumor treatment that exerts direct or indirect inhibitory effects on tumor cells. This review systematically examines the rationales, methodologies, and outcomes of sonodynamic therapy and gas therapy combinatorial strategies for malignant tumors. There is a synergistic effect between sonodynamic therapy and gas therapy in tumor treatment. The ultrasound-induced cavitation enhances tissue permeability for improved gas delivery, while gas molecules concurrently sensitize sonodynamic reactions and ameliorate tumor hypoxia. The interaction significantly enhances the therapeutic effect of tumors. Moreover, the combination of sonodynamic therapy with other therapeutic modalities can significantly enhance the anti-tumor efficacy, improve the therapeutic precision and safety, while improve the tumor microenvironment. This combined treatment strategy can also reduce side effects and has a broad clinical application perspective.