A Technical Analysis of Residential Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System: Design and Simulation

Electricity consumption in the residential sector has steadily increased due to modernization, placing significant pressure on both renewable and non-renewable power sources to keep up with demand. The rising demand for reliable electricity has created challenges in energy production, leading to concerns about sustainability and environmental impacts. Renewable sources, such as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, offer a practical alternative to non-renewable energy sources and hold promise for sustainable electricity generation. This study examines the feasibility of installing a grid-connected PV system for a typical residential setting, to assess its technical effectiveness in meeting household energy demands. The results demonstrate an effective energy output of 7031.3 kWh annually at the array level, with a global irradiance of 1495.3 kWh/m² on the horizontal plane. Notably, the PV plant supplies 5517.1 kWh of energy to the grid each year, with 1295.2 kWh directly meeting the home’s yearly energy requirements. With relevant losses factored in, the system’s inverter efficiency stands at 81.9%, indicating a relatively high performance for a residential setup. The analysis also highlights seasonal variations in solar irradiance, which can affect overall energy production. This emphasizes the importance of integrating energy storage solutions, such as batteries, to ensure a consistent power supply throughout the year. This simulation provides valuable insights into both the benefits and challenges of implementing a grid-connected PV system for residential use, highlighting its potential for reducing dependence on non-renewable energy and contributing to a sustainable energy future.