Assessment of Concrete Composed of Recycled Concrete Aggregate, Crumb Rubber, and Recycled Sand

The present research explores the potential use of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) as coarse aggregate, alongside Crumb Rubber (CR) and Recycled Sand (RS) as fine aggregates in concrete. It further compares the mechanical properties of concrete made with Natural Sand (NS) and CR as fine aggregates. Moreover, the composition and structural arrangement were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The findings demonstrated a notable enhancement in the properties of concrete containing NS. Nevertheless, both concrete mixtures satisfied the requirements for pavement-quality concrete. Additionally, the optimization of CR was found to be at 8% and 10% when using NS and RS, as the results indicated. Adding more CR beyond this point decreases the concrete's strength. The SEM analysis revealed a strong adhesion between the cement, CR, and aggregates. The use of CR and RS, along with RCA, not only minimizes waste but also supports sustainable concrete pavement development by conserving natural resources.