Medication Adherence Interventions to Enhance Medication Safety in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review

Pharmacological therapy is one of the cornerstone strategies for glycemic control and the prevention of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, suboptimal medication adherence is frequently associated with an increased risk of hypoglycemic events, diabetes-related complications, unplanned rehospitalization, and a greater overall healthcare burden. Improving medication adherence is essential for maintaining stable glycemic control and reducing the incidence of adverse diabetes-related outcomes. In recent years, various interventions targeting medication adherence among patients with T2DM have been explored. Nevertheless, existing evidence remains fragmented, particularly with regard to intervention pathways and their associations with medication safety outcomes. This review summarizes current research from two key perspectives: factors influencing medication adherence and adherence-related intervention strategies. The aim is to provide a reference framework for the development of individualized and sustainable interventions in clinical practice, thereby improving medication adherence and enhancing medication safety in patients with T2DM.